运算符 | 优先级 |
---|---|
postfix | expr++ expr-- |
unary | ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ ! |
multiplicative | * / % |
additive | + - |
shift | << >> >>> |
relational | < > <= >= instanceof |
equality | == != |
bitwise AND | & |
bitwise exclusive OR | ^ |
bitwise inclusive OR | | |
logical AND | && |
logical OR | || |
ternary | ? : |
assignment | = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>= |
Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
---|---|---|---|
1 | ::
|
Scope resolution | Left-to-right |
2 | ++ --
|
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | |
()
|
Function call | ||
[]
|
Array subscripting | ||
.
|
Element selection by reference | ||
−>
|
Element selection through pointer | ||
3 | ++ --
|
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ −
|
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~
|
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type)
|
Type cast | ||
*
|
Indirection (dereference) | ||
&
|
Address-of | ||
sizeof
|
Size-of | ||
new , new[]
|
Dynamic memory allocation | ||
delete , delete[]
|
Dynamic memory deallocation | ||
4 | .* ->*
|
Pointer to member | Left-to-right |
5 | * / %
|
Multiplication, division, and remainder | |
6 | + −
|
Addition and subtraction | |
7 | << >>
|
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
8 | < <=
|
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >=
|
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
9 | == !=
|
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
10 | &
|
Bitwise AND | |
11 | ^
|
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
12 | |
|
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
13 | &&
|
Logical AND | |
14 | ||
|
Logical OR | |
15 | ?:
|
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
16 | =
|
Direct assignment (provided by default for C++ classes) | |
+= −=
|
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*=
/= %=
|
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<=
>>=
|
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^=
|=
|
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
17 | throw
|
Throw operator (for exceptions) | |
18 | ,
|
Comma | Left-to-right |
Precedence | Operator | Description | Associativity |
---|---|---|---|
1 | ++ --
|
Suffix/postfix increment and decrement | Left-to-right |
()
|
Function call | ||
[]
|
Array subscripting | ||
.
|
Structure and union member access | ||
−>
|
Structure and union member access through pointer | ||
(type){list}
|
Compound literal(C99) | ||
2 | ++ --
|
Prefix increment and decrement | Right-to-left |
+ −
|
Unary plus and minus | ||
! ~
|
Logical NOT and bitwise NOT | ||
(type)
|
Type cast | ||
*
|
Indirection (dereference) | ||
&
|
Address-of | ||
sizeof
|
Size-of | ||
_Alignof
|
Alignment requirement(C11) | ||
3 | * / %
|
Multiplication, division, and remainder | Left-to-right |
4 | + −
|
Addition and subtraction | |
5 | << >>
|
Bitwise left shift and right shift | |
6 | < <=
|
For relational operators < and ≤ respectively | |
> >=
|
For relational operators > and ≥ respectively | ||
7 | == !=
|
For relational = and ≠ respectively | |
8 | &
|
Bitwise AND | |
9 | ^
|
Bitwise XOR (exclusive or) | |
10 | |
|
Bitwise OR (inclusive or) | |
11 | &&
|
Logical AND | |
12 | ||
|
Logical OR | |
13 | ?:
|
Ternary conditional | Right-to-Left |
14 | =
|
Simple assignment | |
+= −=
|
Assignment by sum and difference | ||
*= /=
%=
|
Assignment by product, quotient, and remainder | ||
<<= >>=
|
Assignment by bitwise left shift and right shift | ||
&= ^= |=
|
Assignment by bitwise AND, XOR, and OR | ||
15 | ,
|
Comma | Left-to-right |
结合方向 | 运算符 | 附加信息 |
---|---|---|
非结合 | clone new |
clone 和 new |
左 | [ |
array() |
非结合 | ++ -- |
递增/递减运算符 |
非结合 | ~ - (int) (float) (string) (array) (object) (bool) @ |
类型 |
非结合 | instanceof |
类型 |
右结合 | ! |
逻辑操作符 |
左 | * / % |
算术运算符 |
左 | + - . |
算术运算符 和 字符串运算符 |
左 | << >> |
位运算符 |
非结合 | < <= > >= <> |
比较运算符 |
非结合 | == != === !== |
比较运算符 |
左 | & |
位运算符 和 引用 |
左 | ^ |
位运算符 |
左 | | |
位运算符 |
左 | && |
逻辑运算符 |
左 | || |
逻辑运算符 |
左 | ? : |
三元运算符 |
右 |
= += -= *= /= .= %= &= |= ^= <<= >>=
|
赋值运算符 |
左 | and |
逻辑运算符 |
左 | xor |
逻辑运算符 |
左 | or |
逻辑运算符 |
左 | , |
多处用到 |
运算符 | 描述 |
---|---|
lambda |
Lambda表达式 |
or |
布尔“或” |
and |
布尔“与” |
not x |
布尔“非” |
in,not in |
成员测试 |
is,is not |
同一性测试 |
<,<=,>,>=,!=,== |
比较 |
| |
按位或 |
^ |
按位异或 |
& |
按位与 |
<<,>> |
移位 |
+,- |
加法与减法 |
*,/,% |
乘法、除法与取余 |
+x,-x |
正负号 |
~x |
按位翻转 |
** |
指数 |
x.attribute |
属性参考 |
x[index] |
下标 |
x[index:index] |
寻址段 |
f(arguments...) |
函数调用 |
(experession,...) |
绑定或元组显示 |
[expression,...] |
列表显示 |
{key:datum,...} |
字典显示 |
'expression,...' |
字符串转换 |
优先级 | 分类 | 运算符 | 结合性 |
1 | 逗号运算符 | , | 从左到右 |
2 | 赋值运算符 | =、+=、-=、*=、/=、 %=、 >=、 <<=、&=、^=、|= | 从右到左 |
3 | 逻辑或 | || | 从左到右 |
4 | 逻辑与 | && | 从左到右 |
5 | 按位或 | | | 从左到右 |
6 | 按位异或 | ^ | 从左到右 |
7 | 按位与 | & | 从左到右 |
8 | 相等/不等 | ==、!= | 从左到右 |
9 | 关系运算符 | <、<=、>、>= | 从左到右 |
10 | 位移运算符 | <<、>> | 从左到右 |
11 | 加法/减法 | +、- | 从左到右 |
12 | 乘法/除法/取余 | *(乘号)、/、% | 从左到右 |
13 | 单目运算符 | !、*(指针)、& 、++、--、+(正号)、-(负号) | 从右到左 |
14 | 后缀运算符 | ( )、[ ]、-> | 从左到右 |